1913–1960. French-Algerian novelist, philosopher, and journalist, a key figure of twentieth-century existentialist and humanist thought. Born in Mondovi (Algeria), he studied philosophy in Algiers. During World War II, he took part in the French Resistance and edited the newspaper Combat. Among his most influential books are ‘The Stranger’ (1942), ‘The Myth of Sisyphus’ (1942), ‘The Plague’ (1947), and ‘The Rebel’ (1951). In 1957 he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. He died in a car accident at the age of 46.